Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2017, n. 2

Barcelona

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/1

«Valori occidentali» e principi costituzionali. Il tema identitario nella giurisprudenza in materia di simboli religiosi

In a recent judgement concerning the case of an Indian Sikh, condemned because he carried with him, in a public place, a Kirpan, the sacred dagger of his religion, the Court of Cassation affirmed the principle that «no religious belief can justify the carrying of weapons or objects that could be used as weapons in a public place». In the same decision, the Court said that there is a duty for immigrants to conform their values to those of the Western world, in which he has freely chosen to enter. Based on these statements, the aim of the present paper is to develop some reflections on the difference between values and constitutional principles and the content of the duty of fidelity to the Republic as foreseen in art. 54 of the Italian Constitution.

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/2

Let’s Go for New or Emerging Security Technologies! … What About Their Impact on Individuals and the Society?

Technological innovation is embraced as an unquestionable component of the EU’s security policies which promote the development and employment of “new”, “advanced”, “next generation” or “emerging” technologies for countering security threats. The same policies call also for the assessment of the impact emerging technological tools may have on individuals’ values, their fundamental rights, and the society as a whole. With regard to technologies that are “emerging”, this assessment should occour at R&D stage, and aim at establishing the likely effects the technologies may have on the above values, rights, and the society. It should estimate to what extent their potential employment comply with the principles of a democratic society and the rule of law. As such, it is a very wide‐ranging and complex form of investigation. The proposed paper examines the benefits stemming from an ex‐ante impact assessment of emerging technologies for security. It argues that anticipatory thinking on ethical, fundamental rights and societal implications of emerging technologies is paramount to identify and mitigate possible negative effects as well as fully exploit all the benefits the concerned technologies may generate. It then discusses a methodology for investigating the ethical, fundamental rights and societal implications generated by the adoption of emerging technological solutions.

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/3

Diritto alla riservatezza e sicurezza nella giurisprudenza delle Corti costituzionali e sovrastatali europee. Il caso della Data Retention Directive

The “Data Retention Directive” (2006/24/EC) states the obligation for providers of publicly available electronic communications services or of public communications networks to retain traffic and location data for six months up to two years for the purpose of the investigation, detection and prosecution of serious crime. This article analyses the decision of the European Court of Justice about the compatibility of the “Data direction directive” with the European fundamental rights, and proposes an analysis of the different approaches came from some National Constitutional Courts, called to express their opinions about the national sustainability of the Directive.

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/4

L’Accordo tra Santa Sede e Israele del 30 dicembre 1993 quale chiave di lettura dell’evoluzione della politica medio-orientale della Santa Sede

The fundamental agreement between the Holy See and Israel, signed on December 30, 1993, is part of a historical, political, social, cultural, religious and international diplomatic context that mainly concerns the question of the Holy Places, difficult to resolve, and remained unresolved from the Crusades, and the relations between Jews and Christians.
But the Agreement also demonstrates that the Middle Eastern Holy Seeʹs policy overrides the regional boundaries of this geographical area, assuming a global dimension not so much, and not only geographically, but in terms of relations with Islamic politics and the Jewish policy of the Catholic Church through interreligious dialogue, which implies «un delicato lavoro teologico di interpretazione dei testi sacri in modo che consenta di trascendere la violenza che essi frequentemente contengono; richiede un’attenta riconsiderazione della dignità che deve essere riconosciuta all’‘altro’, l’infedele o il fedele di un’altra religione; esige una teologia politica che sappia guardare con simpatia alla laicità dello Stato e della società civile» (Ferrari, 2005, 184).

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/5

Scuola e Islam: l’Islam a scuola

This paper enlights the more and more multicultural (and multireligious) nature of the Italian school and focuses on the condition of Islam in that context. School books often are not precise and exhaustive dealing with Islam, so that young Islamic migrants have to face several cultural obstacles, because of the Western perception of Islam. This hard situation could be improved with strong efforts of teachers and professors: they should encourage relationships and approaches based on encounter and dialogue, in order to help synthesis and integration.

DOI: 10.13134/2239-804X/2-2017/6